上記原文＋一部日本語訳を載せてみる
Q1: What would you estimate is the excess weight loss (EWL)% at 24 months following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in adolescents affected by morbid obesity?
病的肥満で腹腔鏡下胃切除術後を受けた青少年の24か月後の超過体重減少率は？
＊超過体重減少率（excess weight loss）.
術前の体重から理想体重（BMI 25kg/m2）を差し引いた超過体重の減少率を計算したもの。＝術前体重－術後体重）/（術前体重－BMI 25の体重）×100
20%
40%
60%
80%
Answer Explanation:
60%. Actually, 59.4%. Childhood obesity is an emerging health problem.
小児肥満は最近問題となってきている健康問題。
Iossa A, et al. Eat Weight Disord. 2017 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Q2: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was significantly more effective in non-syndromic vs syndromic obese adolescents. True or False?
腹腔鏡下胃切除術は症候性肥満若年者よりも無症候性の方が効果的だ。
True
False
Answer Explanation:
False. Outcomes were comparable at 24 months.
24か月時点でのアウトカムは同等。
Iossa A, et al. Eat Weight Disord. 2017 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Q3: Isocaloric substitution of carbohydrate for fat is associated with greater:
脂肪分を同カロリーの炭水化物に置き換えることは、○○をより大きくする。
Fat loss 脂肪分の減少
Energy expenditure エネルギー消費
Neither answer is correct – no significant difference どちらも違うー大差なし
Both answers are correct 両方正解
Answer Explanation:
Both answers are correct. Weight changes are accompanied by imbalances between calorie intake and expenditure.
両方正解。体重変化はカロリー摂取と消費のアンバランスに付随して起きる。
Hall KD, et al. Gastroenterology. 2017;152(7):1718-1727.e3.
Q4: Your 24-year-old moderately obese patient asks you about vagal nerve blockade (vBloc) therapy. Approximately what percentage EWL would she be likely to achieve a year from now?
中等度肥満の24歳女性から迷走神経遮断（vBloc）療法について聞かれた。1年以内に約何％体重減少できるか？
15%
30%
50%
Answer Explanation:
30%. Actually, 33%. At 12 months, patients undergoing vBloc achieved 33% EWL (11% total weight loss [%TWL]), compared with 19% EWL (6% TWL) in those undergoing sham therapy.
12か月時点でvBlocを受けた患者はEWLが33%、TWL（全体重減少率）が11%
偽療法だとEWL19％、TWL6％。
Morton JM, et al. Obes Surg. 2016;26(5):983-989.
Q5: Which approach preserves fat free mass (FFM) during weight loss in overweight and obese older adults?
肥満高齢者の体重減少で、除脂肪体重（FFM）を維持するのに最も良いアプローチは？
＊FFM＝全体重ー脂肪分の体重
Resistance exercise alone レジスタンス運動単独
High protein diet alone 高蛋白食単独
Combined resistance exercise and high protein diet Your Answer それらの組み合わせ
None of the answers is correct
All of the answers are correct
＊レジスタンス運動：筋肉に抵抗（レジスタンス）をかける動作を繰り返し行う運動。 スクワット、腕立て伏せ、ダンベル体操など
Answer Explanation:
Combined resistance exercise and high protein diet. Intentional weight loss in obese older adults is a risk factor for accelerated muscle mass loss.
両方の組み合わせが有効。高齢肥満患者が故意に体重減少することは筋肉量減少を促進させるリスク。
Verreijen AM, et al. Nutr J. 2017;16(1):10.
